[01] Amel Sboui, Livestock and Wildlife Laboratory, Arid Land Institute, Medenine, Tunisia. [02] Touhami Khorchani, Livestock and Wildlife Laboratory, Arid Land Institute, Medenine, Tunisia. [03] Aroua Agrebi, Veterinary School, Laboratory of Physiology and Therapeutic, Sidi Thabet, Tunisia. [04] Moncef Mokni, Farhat Hached Hospital, Anatomy - Pathology Laboratory, Sousse, Tunisia. [05] Omrane Belhadj, College of Science, Biochemistry and Technobiology Laboratory, Tunis, Tunisia.

This research was conducted to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of pasteurized camel milk in alloxan diabetic dogs. Diabete was induced by intravenous injection of alloxan (65 mg/kg bodyweight). The effects of camel milk on diabetic dogs were investigated by observing changes in the glycometabolic index (fasting blood glucose, IGTT test), the lipometabolic index (triglycerides, cholesterol), and total proteins and in the degree of injury of β-cells in the pancreatic islets. The group treated with raw camel milk (RCM) produced a significant decrease in fasting plasma glucose (from 9.77±0.19 to 5.4±0.13 mmol/L), cholesterol (from 6.94±0.06 to 5.04±0.8 mmol/L) and total proteins (from 75.31±4.68 to 67.06±3.32 g/L) in blood sample and an improvement on the animal clinical status (normal activity). The same result was showed in animals getting pasteurized camel milk (PCM): fasting blood glucose (from 9.83±0.1 to 5.46±0.22 mmol/L); cholesterol (from 7.25±1.11 to 5.18±0.97 mmol/L) total proteins (from 74.84±5.45 to 67.06±3.32 g/L). Treatment with raw or pasteurized camel milk also induces the renewal of pancreatic b-cells. The curative effect of camel milk on diabetic dogs was approved in this study. This effect was observed using raw or pasteurized camel milk as treatment. Pasteurized camel milk can be used as an alternative for better preservation of nutritional and therapeutic quality of this product.

Antidiabetic Effect, Diabetes, Pasteurized Camel Milk, Raw Camel Milk

[01] Afnor. 1993. Contrôle de la qualité des produits alimentaires. In: Lait et produits laitiers, (Afnor, ed), Paris, France. [02] Agrawal, RP., Swami SC and Beniwal R. (2003). Effect of camel milk on glycemic control, risk factors and diabetes quality of life in type 1 diabetes: A randomized prospective controlled study. J. Camel Practice and Research, 10 (1), 45-50. [03] Agrawal, RP., Jain, S., Shah, S., Chopra, A and Agarwal V. (2011). Effect of camel milk on glycemic control and insulin requirement in patients with type 1 diabetes: 2-years randomized controlled trial. Eur. J. clin. nutr, 65, 1048-1052. [04] Ankur Rohilla and Shahjad Ali, Alloxan Induced Diabetes: Mechanisms and Effects, International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences Vol. 3 (2). [05] Breitling L. (2002). Insulin and anti-diabetes activity of camel milk. J Camel Pract Res, 9, 43–5. [06] Diamond J. (2003).The double puzzle of diabetes. Nature. 423, 599-602.-Farah, Z. (1993). Composition and characteristics of camel milk. J. Dairy. Res, 60, 603-626. [07] Khan AA, Alzohairy MA, Mohieldein AH. (2013). Antidiabetic effects of camel milk in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Am J Biochem Mol Biol, 3, 151–156. [08] Kim, JM., Chung, JY., Lee, SY., Choi, EW., Kim, MK., Hwang, CY., and Youn, HY. (2006). Hypoglycemic effects of vanadium on alloxan monohydrate induced - diabetic dogs. J. Vet. Sc, 7 (4), 391–395. [09] Konuspayeva, G., Faye, B. and Mussaad, A.(2014). Some lipid components of the camel milk and blood in intensive farm in Saudi Arabia. Emir. J. Food Agric., 26 (4): 349-353. [10] Lenzen, S (2008). “The mechanisms of alloxan- and streptozotocin-induced diabetes,” Diabetologia, 51 (2), 216–226. [11] Sboui, A., Khorchani, T., Djegham, M., Agrebi, A., Elhatmi H and Belhadj, O. (2010). Anti-diabetic effect of camel milk in alloxan-induced diabetic dogs: a dose–response experiment. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutrition, 94 (4), 540–546. [12] Sboui, A., Khorchani, T., Agrebi, A., Djegham, M., Mokni, M and Belhadj O. (2012) Antidiabetic effect of camel milk on alloxan-induced diabetic dogs. AJMR, 6 (18), 4023-4029. [13] Shehadeh, N., Gelertner, L., Blazer, S. (2001). Importance of insulin content in infant diet: Suggestion for a new infant formula. Acta Paediatr, 90 (1), 93-95. [14] Stanely Mainzen, PP., Menon, VP and Pari, L. (1998). Hypoglycaemic activity of Syzigium cumini seeds: Effect on lipid peroxidation in alloxan diabetic rats. J. Ethnopharmaco, 61, 1–7. [15] Tyberg, B., Anderson, A and Hakan Borg, LA. (2001). Species differences in susceptibility of transplanted and cultured pancreatic islets to the β- cell, General Comparative Endocrinology, 122, 238-251.