[01] Ali Gharib, Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Chemistry, Agricultural Researches and Services Center, Mashhad, Iran. [02] Leila Vojdani Fard, Education Ministry, Education Organization of Razavi Khorasan, Mashhad, Iran. [03] Nader Noroozi Pesyan, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran. [04] Mina Roshani, Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.

The protocol offers advantages in terms of higher yields, and mild reaction conditions, with reusability of the catalyst. Green chemistry protocols with the reusability of the nanoparticle as catalyst and water as a green solvent in the synthesis of spiro[dibenzo[b,i]xanthene-13,30-indoline]-pentaones is described. The copper(II) oxide nanoparticles functions as highly effective catalyst for the reactions of 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1,4-dione (1) and isatins (2a-d) and reflux conditions to afford the corresponding spiros in moderate to good yields. The catalyst is inexpensive, stable, can be easily recycled and reused for several cycles with consistent activity.

Nanoparticles, Copper(II) Oxide, Catalyst, Isatin, Spiro, Heterogeneous

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