[01] Assou Sidohounde, Department of Chemical Engineering-Processes, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin. [02] Cokou Pascal Agbangnan Dossa, Department of Chemical Engineering-Processes, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin. [03] Guevara Nonviho, Department of Chemical Engineering-Processes, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin. [04] Sourou Papin Montcho, Department of Chemical Engineering-Processes, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin. [05] Dominique Codjo Koko Sohounhloue, Department of Chemical Engineering-Processes, Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi, University of Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi, Benin.

Biomass, of animal or plant origin, has been a highly sought-after energy resource for centuries. Like bioethanol, biodiesel is a fuel produced from biomass and mainly vegetable oils or animal fats. The production of these fuels helps to reduce greenhouse gases and stimulate the local economy. This bibliographic synthesis constitutes a scientific contribution to the production of quality biodiesel, produced locally and more profitable. To do this, we consulted and synthesized the recent information available. Comparisons were also made. At the end of this research, it appears that biodiesel is generally produced by transesterification, interesterification, microemulsification or pyrolysis in order to approximate its characteristics to those of petrodiesel. Transesterification is the most widely used because of its low cost, simplicity, best yields and the quality of the biodiesel obtained. To optimize biodiesel production in this way, operating parameters must be controlled. These are: the type and concentrations of alcohol and catalyst used, the temperature and reaction time, the water content of the alcohol and vegetable oil, the free fatty acid content of the oil and the agitation rate of the reaction medium. The use of distilled water for purification, thin layer chromatography for the quantification of ethyl esters and a probable substitution of the base by a solution of ash from palm nut residues or cotton seeds, would be an asset to limit economic burdens and encourage local production.

Biomass, Biodiesel, Transesterification, Operating Parameters

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