[01] Abdel Ghany T. M., Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, AL, Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt; Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom Saudi Arabia. [02] Mohamed A. Al Abboud, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom Saudi Arabia. [03] Moustafa E. Negm, AL Ghad International Colleges for Applied Medical Science, Riyadh, Kingdom Saudi Arabia. [04] Abdel-Rahman M. Shater, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom Saudi Arabia; Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Thamar, Thamar University, Yemen.

Phytoremediation is a relatively new technology that offers clear advantages over traditional methods for site cleanup. Plants and their associated rhizosphere microorganisms can be used in the cleanup of environmental pollution. Knowledge of the mechanisms involved may lead to the development of more efficient phytoremadiants and better management practices such as development of transgenic plants. In this review, current status of several subsets of phytoremediation are discussed which includes: Phytoextraction: the uptake and translocation of dissolved-phase contaminants from groundwater into plant tissue., Phytovolatilization: the transfer of the contaminant to air via plant transpiration. Rhizosphere degradation: the breakdown of organic contaminants within the microbe rich rhizosphere (soil surrounding the root). Phytodegradation: the breakdown of organic contaminants within plant tissue. Hydraulic control: the use of trees to intercept and transpire large quantities of groundwater or surface water in order to contain or control the migration of contaminants. There is need for further understanding on the processes that affect pollutant uptake and sequestration.

Rhizosphere, Microorganisms, Inducers, Phytoremediation

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