[01] Muhammad Haroon Sarwar, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Medical Sciences, Isra University, Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. [02] Abdul Razzaq Mughal, Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. [03] Safia Mughal, Hameeda Medicare, Ghulam Muhammadabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. [04] Muhammad Sarwar, Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.

The aim of this article is to describe some of heart diseases representing a range of situations that affect human heart. The term heart disease is often used interchangeably with the term cardiovascular disease, which generally refers to conditions that involve narrowed or blocked blood vessels that can lead to a heart attack, chest pain (angina) or stroke. There are many different forms of heart disease and maladies under the heart disease umbrella including blood vessel diseases such as coronary artery disease, heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias) and heart defects (congenital heart defects) with which a person sometime is born. Other heart conditions, such as those that affect heart's muscle, valves or rhythm, also are considered various forms of heart disease. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death and many of all global deaths are attributed to cardiovascular diseases each year. Deaths caused by cardiovascular diseases are also higher in low and middle-income countries because a large number of global deaths are caused by cardiovascular diseases occurring in those countries. The most common cause of heart disease is narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries and the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart itself. It is estimated that during the coming decades, over many millions people will die from cardiovascular diseases. There is therefore an increased emphasis on preventing atherosclerosis by modifying risk factors, for example by healthy eating, getting regular exercise and avoidance of smoking or using tobacco of any kind. Early diagnosis and managing of other health problems including high blood pressure, high cholesterol and diabetes that can raise risk of heart disease and heart failure are needed at priority.

Human Heart, Heart Disease, Cardiovascular Disease, Heart Attack, Heart Failure

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