[01] Zaini H., Faculty of Engineering, Taif University, Al – Taif, K. S. A. [02] Alahmadi A., Faculty of Engineering, Taif University, Al – Taif, K. S. A. [03] Ali A. S., Petrojet Company, Cairo, Egypt. [04] Ali W. Y., Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt.

Electric static charges generated from friction of engineering materials cause electromagnetic fields influencing their applications. The electromagnetic fields found in hospital operating rooms can be quite hostile to electronic medical devices. In the present work, the electric static charge generated from the dry and water wet contact and sliding of surgical gloves and the covers of the cloths of people who are working in hospitals is investigated. It was found that friction coefficient displayed by dry sliding of latex glove against cover decreased with decreasing normal load. Friction values guaranteed the good adhesion of the glove against cover. At sliding, the charge value was higher than that recorded for contact and and separation. At water wet contact, the values of friction and electric static charge were lower than that observed for dry contact due to the ability of water to conduct the charge from the contact surfaces. Based on the experimental observations, it can be concluded that materials of both glove and cover generated very high electric static charge values. It is therefore necessary to select the materials of low electric static charge.

Electric Static Charge, Contact and Separation, Sliding, Dry, Water Wet, Surgical Gloves, Cloths, Hospitals

[01] Choi, S. H., Kim, K. J. (2009). Intensity of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields produced in operating rooms during surgery at the standing position of anesthesiologists. Anesthesiology, 111(2), pp. 275-8. [02] El-Sherbiny, Y. M., Ali, A. S. and Ali, W. Y. (2015). Triboelectrification of Gloves and Cover in Hospitals. EGTRIB Journal, Vol. 12, No. 3, July 2015, pp. 1–14. [03] Ali, W. Y., AL-Ealy, Y., AL-Otaibi, A., AL-Zahrany, N., AL-Harthy O. and Mohamed M. K. (2015). Triboelectrification of Synthetic Textiles", 1st International Workshop on Mechatronics Education, March 8th-10th 2015, Taif, Saudi Arabia, pp. 264–277. [04] Wu, G., Li, J., Xu, Z. (2013). Triboelectrostatic separation for granular plastic waste recycling: A review. Waste Management 33, pp. 585-597. [05] Lowell, J., Rose-Inne, A. C. (1980). Contact electrification. Adv. Phys. 29, pp. 947-1023. [06] Matsusaka, S., Maruyama, H., Matsuyama, T., Ghadiri, M. (2010). Triboelectric charging of powders: a review. Chem. Eng. Sci. 65, pp. 5781-5807. [07] Lee, L. H. (2003). Dual mechanism for metal–polymer contact electrification. J. Electrostat. 32, 1-29. [08] Matsusaka, S., Masuda, H. (1994). Electrostatics of particles. Adv. Powder Technol. 14, pp. 143-166. [09] Saurenbach, F., Wollmann, D., Terris, B., Diaz, A. (1992). Force microscopy of ioncontaining polymer surfaces: morphology and charge structure. Langmuir 8, pp. 1199-1203. [10] Harper, W. (1951). The Volt effect as a cause of staticelectrification. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond. Ser. A. Math. Phys. Sci. 205, pp. 83–103. [11] Anderson, J. (1994). A comparison of experimental data and model predictions for tribocharging of two-component electrophotographic developers. J. Imag. Sci. Technol. 38, pp. 378–382. [12] Gutman, E., Hartmann, G. (1992). Triboelectric properties of two-component developers for xerography. J. Imaging Sci. Technol. 36, pp. 335–349. [13] Yoshida, M., Ii, N., Shimosaka, A., Shirakawa, Y., Hidaka, J. (2006). Experimental and theoretical approaches to charging behavior of polymer particles. Chem. Eng. Sci. 61, pp. 2239-2248. [14] Park, C. H., Park, J. K., Jeon, H. S., Chu, B. C. (2008). Triboelectric series and charging properties of plastics using the designed vertical-reciprocation charger", J. Electrostatics, 66, pp. 578-583. [15] Meurig, W. Williams, L. (2013). Triboelectric charging in metal-polymer contacts-How to distinguish between electron and material transfer mechanisms. Journal of Electrostatics 71, pp. 53-54. [16] Sow, M., Lacks, D. J., Sankaran, R. M. (2013). Effects of material strain on triboelectric charging: Influence of material properties. Journal of Electrostatics 71 pp. 396–399. [17] Kailer, A., Amann, T., Krummhauer, O., Herrmann, M., Sydow, U., Schneider, M. (2011). Wear Influence of electric potentials on the tribological behaviour of silicon carbide. Wear 271, pp. 1922–1927. [18] Meng, Y., Hu, B., Chang, Q. (2006). Control of friction of metal/ceramic contacts in aqueous solutions with an electrochemical method. Wear 260, pp. 305-309. [19] Sydow, U., Schneider, M., Herrmann, M., Kleebe, H.-J., Michaelis, A. (2010). Electrochemical corrosion of silicon carbide ceramics. Mater. Corros. 61 (8). [20] Celis, J.-P., Ponthiaux, P., Wenger, F. (2006). Tribo-corrosion of materials: interplay between chemical, electrochemical, and mechanical reactivity of surfaces. Wear 261 (9), pp. 939-946. [21] Hiratsuka, K., Hosotani, K. (2012). Effects of friction type and humidity on triboelectrification and triboluminescence among eight kinds of polymers. Tribology International 55, pp. 87-99. [22] Nakayama, K., Nevshup, R. A. (2002). Plasma generation in a gap around a sliding contact. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 35: L, pp. 53-56. [23] Matsuyama, T., Yamamoto, H. (2006). Impact charging of particulate materials. Chemical Engineering Science, 61, pp. 2230-2238. [24] Greason, W. D. (2000). Investigation of a test methodology for triboelectrification. Journal of Electrostatics, 49, pp. 245-56. [25] Nomura, T., Satoh, T., Masuda, H. (2003). The environment humidity effect on the tribocharge of powder. Powder Technology (135-136), pp. 43-49. [26] Diaz, A .F., Felix-Navarro, R. M. A semi-quantitative tribo-electric series for polymeric materials. Journal of Electrostatics, 62, pp. 277-290, (2004). [27] Nemeth, E., Albrecht, V., Schubert, G., Simon, F. (2003). Polymer tribo-electric charging: dependence on thermodynamic surface properties and relative humidity. Journal of Electrostatics, 58, pp. 3-16. [28] Shoush, K. A., Mohamed, M. K. , Zaini, H. and Ali, W. Y. (2013). Measurement of Static Electricity Generated from Contact and Separation of Clothes and Car Seat Covers", International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 4, Issue 10, October-2013, pp. 1–6. [29] Al-Qaham, Y., Mohamed, M. K. and Ali, W. Y. (2013). Electric Static Charge Generated From the Friction of Textiles. Journal of the Egyptian Society of Tribology Vol. 10, No. 2, April 2013, pp. 45–56. [30] Ibrahim, R. A., Khashaba, M. I. and Ali, W. Y. (2011). Reducing the Electrostatic Discharge Generated from the Friction of Polymeric Textiles. Proceedings of The Third Seminar of the Environmental Contaminants and their Reduction Methods, September, 26–28, 2011, AlMadina AlMonawwara, Saudi Arabia. [31] Zhancheng, W., Chen, Y., and Xiaofeng, L., Shanghe, L. (2003). Research on ESD ignition hazards of textiles. J. of Electrostatics 57, pp. 203–207. [32] Chubb, J. (2002). New approaches for electrostatic testing of materials. J. of Electrostatics 54, pp. 233–244. [33] Al-Osaimy, A. S., Mohamed, M. K. and Ali, W. Y. (2012). Friction Coefficient and Electric Static Charge of Head Scarf Textiles. Journal of the Egyptian Society of Tribology Vol. 9, No. 3, July 2012, pp. 24–39.