[01] Emhemmad Jumha Emhemmad, Chemistry Department, Sebha University, Taraghun, Libya. [02] Wafa Khalleefah Amhimmid, Chemistry Department, Azzaytuna University, Tarhuna, Libya.

This study is concerned with the thermodynamic properties and the adsorption isotherms of acetic acid adsorption by using the chicken egg shells powder as low cost natural adsorbent, The egg's shell were grinded and sieved after washing with distilled water and Acetone, and dried at 120°C. The concentration of acetic acid was measured before and after adsorption, The amount of acetic acid adsorbed was determined with respect to initial acid concentration, equilibrium time and different acid concentration were obtained manually by titration method. properties of adsorption were determined by applying Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms models to define the thermodynamic properties of this process, adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic parameters ΔH, ΔG and ΔS were calculated. The Results were analysed by applying the Freundlich and Langmuir equations at different temperatures 25°C, 40°C, and 60°C, and determined the characteristic parameters for each adsorption isotherm used (R²). The Temperature effect has been investigated, the results obtained indicate that the adsorption increase with increasing the temperature. In other words, the adsorption process is of Endothermic type (+ΔH), the results also show that is a spontaneous process (-ΔG) and regular indices (-ΔS), adsorption capacity and intensity were increased with increasing temperature.

Adsorption, Egg Shells Powder, Acetic Acid, Freundlich & Langmuir Isotherms

[01] Allien SJ, Koumanova B. Decolorization of water/waste water using adsorption. Chem Tech metal. (2005); 40: 145-92. [02] Gezici O, Kara H, Ersoz M, et al. The behavior of nickel insolubilized humic acid system in a column arrangement. Collid Interface Sci. (2005); 292: 381-92. [03] Humayun M, Khan A, Zada A, et al. Synthesis and Physicochemical Characterization of ZnO-Porphyrin Based Hybrid Materials. J Chem Soc Pak. (2014); 36: 639-46. [04] Khan A, Zada A, Humayun M. Physicochemical Interaction of ZnO Fine Particles with 5-Mono- (4-carboxyphenyl) -10, 15, 20- Triphenylporphyrin. J Chin Chem Soc. (2015); 62: 915-24. [05] Zhao X, Zhang J, Wang B, et al. Biochemical Synthesis of Ag/AgCl Nanoparticles for Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Removal of Colored Dyes. J Materials. (2015); 8: 2043-53. [06] M. Ikram, A. Ur Rehman, et al., The adsorptive potential of chicken egg shells for the removal of oxalic acid from wastewater, Sultan Alam, Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, (2016), Vol. 2, No. 2. [07] Wasielewska M, Banel A, Zygmant B. Determination of selected organic acids in animal farm water sample by ion chromatography. Chem Eng appl. (2012); 3: 178-281. [08] Meski S, Ziani S, Khireddine H. Removal of lead ion by hydroxyllapaptite prepared from the egg shell. Chem Eng. (2010); 55: 3923-8. [09] Gupta K. Carrot P, Carrott M, et al. Low cost adsorbents, growing approach to waste water treatment. Env Sci Technol. (2009); 39: 783-842. [10] Abbollino O, Aceto M, Malandrino M, et al. Adsorption of heavy metals on Na-montmorillonite, effect of pH and organic substances. Water Res. (2003); 37: 1619-27. [11] Ghoul M, Bacquet M, Morcellete M. Uptake of heavy metals from synthetic aqueous solutions using modified PEI-silica gels. Water Res. (2003); 37: 729-34. [12] Uddin, M. T., M. S. Islam and M. Z. Abedin, “Adsorption of phenol from aqueous solution by water hyacinth ash. ” ARPN J of Engineering and Applied sciences, (2007). 2 (2): 121-128. [13] Shaban, E., M. Isam and H. M. Abdallah, “Cadmium II sorption from water samples by powdered marble wastes.” Science Reviews, (2008). 20 (4): 249-260. [14] K. R. Ramakrishma, T. Viraraghavan, Dye removal using peat, Am. Dyestuff Rep. 85 (1996) 28–34. [15] Chung-Hsin W, Chao-Yin K, Shu-Shian G, Adsorption Kinetics of Lead and Zinc Ions by Coffee Residues. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 24, No. 2, 761-767 (2015). [16] J. A. Laszlo, Removing acid dyes fromwastewater using biomass for decolorization, Am. Dyestuff Rep. 83 (1994) 17–21. [17] L. C. Morais, O. M. Freitas, E. P. et al., Reactive dyes removal from wastewaters by adsorption on eucalyptus bark: variables that define the process, Water Res. 33, 4. (1999) [18] V. K. Gupta, A. Mittal, V. Gajbe, J. Mittal, Removal and recovery of the hazardous azo dye, Acid Orange 7 through adsorption over waste materials—bottom ash and de-oiled soya, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 45 (2006) 1446–1453. [19] A. Mittal, L. Krishnan, J. Mittal, Adsorption isotherms, kinetics and column operations for the removal of hazardous dye, Tartrazine from aqueous solutions using waste materials—bottom ash and de-oiled soya, as adsorbents, J. Hazard. Mater. 136 (3) (2006) 567–578. [20] A. Mittal, Use of hen feathers as potential adsorbent for the removal of a hazardous dye, Brilliant Blue FCF, from waste water, J. Hazard. Mater. 128 (2/3) (2006) 233–239. [21] Carvalho J, Araujo J, Castro F. Altamative low cost adsorbent for water and waste water decontamination derived from egg shell waste-An overview. W. Bio. (2011); 2: 157-63. [22] Tsai W, Yang J, Lai C, et al. Characterization and adsorption properties of egg shell and egg shell membrane towards model textile dyes. Chemosphere. (2006); 65: 1999-2008. [23] Cavalho J, Ribeiro A, Graca J, et al. Adsorption process onto an innovative eggshell-derived low-cost adsorbent in simulated effluent and real industrial effluents, In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Wastes. Solution Treatments and Opportunities. (2011): 12-4. [24] William J, Owen J. Egg science and technology, 4th edition, food product press New York. (1995). [25] D. Chaturvedi and O. Sahu, Adsorption of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewater. Global Journal of Environmental Science and Technology: Vol. 2 (3): pp 020-028, (2014). [26] R. BHAUMIK, N. K. MONDAL, B. DAS, et al., Eggshell Powder as an Adsorbent for Removal of Fluoride from Aqueous Solution: Equilibrium, Kinetic and Thermodynamic Studies. E-Journal of Chemistry (2012), 9 (3), 1457-1480 [27] Agrowaste Derived Activated Carbon. Advances in Environmental Biology, (2010). 4 (3): 329-335. [28] Sh. Berhe, D. Ayele, et al, Adsorption Efficiency of Coffee Husk for Removal of Lead (II) from Industrial Effluents, International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, Vol. 5, Issue 9, (2015).