[01] Subodh Chataut, Department of Pharmacy, Crimson College of Technology, Pokhara University, Rupandehi, Nepal. [02] Sabina Sharma, Department of Pharmacy, Crimson College of Technology, Pokhara University, Rupandehi, Nepal. [03] Shiva Kumar Sah, Department of Pharmacy, Crimson College of Technology, Pokhara University, Rupandehi, Nepal. [04] Pratima Shrestha, Department of Pharmacy, Crimson College of Technology, Pokhara University, Rupandehi, Nepal. [05] Sarmila Nepali, Department of Immunology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea. [06] Shyam Kumar Mallik, College of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea. [07] Barun Poudel, Department of Immunology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea. [08] Ram Prasad Bhusal, Department of Pharmacy, Crimson College of Technology, Pokhara University, Rupandehi, Nepal; Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the anti-inflammatory efficacy of Ocimum sanctum (OS) (Tulsi) extracts obtained from two different regions; Butwal (tropical) and Gorkha (alpine) of Nepal. The anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts were determined in vitro using heat-induced albumin denaturation assay and in vivo by using formalin-induced rat paw edema model. In both of these experiments, commercial anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin, was utilized to justify the results. The extracts from both the regions were effective in inhibition of heat-induced albumin denaturation (HIAD) and attenuation of formalin-induced rat paw edema development. Notably, the extract from alpine Gorkha region was more potent in reduction of HIAD and edema development in rats injected with formalin in their paws, suggesting that OS from alpine regions could have greater contents of constituents mediating the anti-inflammatory actions of OS. The present data may provide the scientific basis for the traditional use of OS and suggests that OS from alpine regions could be studied for design and development of anti-inflammatory therapeutic agents. Further research is required to address the mechanisms and difference in contents of OS between the two regions of Nepal to elicit anti-inflammatory actions.

Ocimum Sanctum, Tulsi, Anti-Inflammation, Alpine, Tropical, Nepal

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