[01] Deepayan Roy, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India. [02] Indra Deo Pandey, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India.

Rice is one of the most important cereal crop which is being cultivated globally, the crop has come a long way and improved a lot in terms of production, productivity, insect-pest resistance, quality and abiotic stress tolerance aspect. Still there is a need for continuous improvement in order to tackle the major challenges ahead like- global changing climate scenario, increasing world population, always evolving pathotypes of insects and other pathogens and some other major bottlenecks. Rice genome was the first crop genome to be sequenced which helped the researchers in underpinning of the major as well as the minor QTLs governing the traits which are of relevance to crop breeders. Consequently, the developments in rice genomics has helped in enriching the research domain by working out synteny and collinearity of rice genomes with genomes of other cereals. This review paper bring into light various researches like- theories of single and multiple origins of cultivated rice, role of domestication and of introgression of genes and also origin and evolution of fragrance in rice. Domestication led to rapid genetic erosion and loss of variability so there is a need to study properly the evolution of rice and excavate more and more wild relatives. Such wild relatives can then be scouted to find numerous genes of interest, which we can transfer in our cultivated varieties today for an overall improvement of the rice cultivars that are being grown today and try to improve yield.

Rice, Evolution, Genomics

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