[01] Uwannah Ngozi Caroline, Dept. of Educational Foundations, Babcock University Ilishan, Ogun State, Nigeria.

The study investigated the influence of absenteeism, favouritism and tardiness on the deviant behaviour of university employees in Nigeria. This is for the purpose of ascertaining the relative and combined contributions of absenteeism, favouritism and tardiness on employees’ deviant behaviour in higher institutions in Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. A total of 600 respondents were selected for the study, using proportionate stratified sampling technique. Four standardized instruments were used for data collection. The hypotheses generated for the study were tested at 0.05 alpha levels using Regression Analysis and Pearson Product Moment Correlation Statistics. The findings of the study revealed that absenteeism, favouritism and tardiness were found to have jointly contributed to employees’ deviant behaviour in academia in Ogun State of Nigeria. Also, favouritism was found to be the most potent predictor of employees’ deviant behaviour. Based on the findings of the study, it is recommended that managers should not favour any employee but recognize and reward hard work based on job performance.

Absenteeism, Favouritism, Tardiness, Job Deviance, University Employees

[01] Appelbaun, S. H.; Iaconi, G. D.;&Matouset, A. (2007). Positive & negative workplace deviant behaviours: causes, impact and solutions. Corporate Governance. 7 (5), 586 -598 [02] Arnold, A. (2013). Types of favouritism in the workplace. Small Business. Retrieved from www.findarticle.com on August 14, 2013, 4.50p.m [03] Australian Faculty of Occupational Medicine (2010).Workplace attendance and absenteeism. The Royal Australian College of Physicians. Australia: Royal Australian College of Physicians. [04] Bayram, N.;Gursaka, I. N.;&Bilgel, N. (2009). Counterproductive work behaviour among white-collar employees: a study from Turkey”. International Journal of Selection & Assessment. 17 (2), 180 – 188. [05] Bennett, R. J & Robinson, S. L. (2003).The past, present and future of workplace deviance research in J. Greenberg (Ed).Organizational behaviour: the state of the science. 2nd edition available: http://dx.doi.org/10-1037/0021-9010.85.3.349 [06] Bentley, J. C. (2013). Leadership & absenteeism: A qualitative phenomenological case study. Doctor of Business Administration, University of Phoenix, pg 133 [07] Social Sciences. Leadership-and-absenteeism-a-guid:304320313. Retrieved Tuesday Nov. 5, 2013, 3 p.m. [08] Borlin, B & Heatherly, L (2001). Predictors of employee deviance: the relationship between bad attitudes and bad behaviour. Journal of Business & Psychology, 15 (3), 405 – 418 [09] Byras, L. L. & Rue, L. W. (2000).Human resources management. Macgraw-Hill. Boston, MA [10] Chirasha, V & Mahapa, M. (2012).An analysis of the causes and impact of deviant behaviour in the workplace. The case of secretaries in state universities.Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences (JETEMS), 3(5), 415-421. [11] Chiu, S & Peng, J. (2008). The relationship between psychological contract breach & employee deviance: the moderating role of hostile attitudinal style. Journal of Vocational Behaviour. 73 (4), 426 – 433. [12] CIPD Report (2013). Absence management.Available at http://www.co.uk/hr- resources/survey-reports/absence-,management-2013.Retrieved Nov. 23, 2013. [13] Cuma, M. A. (2004). Avoiding favouritism in the workplace. Available at posts/entry/avoiding- favouritism-in-the-workplace-html, retrieved Oct. 24, 2013, 1.30pm [14] Fagbohungbe, B. O.; Akinbode, G. A.;& Ayodeji, F. S(2012). Organizational determinants of workplace deviant behaviours: An empirical analysis in Nigeria. International Journal of Business & Management, 7 (5) 207-216 available at http://dx.doi.org/105539/ijbm [15] Finn, L. (2013). Deviance workplace behaviours. Available post.com/deviant-workplace- behaviours-2008’html. Retrieved Nov. 26, 2013, 9.30 am [16] Fodluck, K. M. (2007). Management principles: the theory of management, work environments that negate counterproductive behaviours and foster organizational culture: Research based recommendations for managers. Psychologist Managerial Journal. 10 (1), 27 – 46 [17] Fox, S.; Spector, P.E.; Goh, A.; Bruursema, K.;& Kessler, S.R. (2012). The deviant citizen: Measuring potential positive relations between counterproductive work behavior and organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 85, 199-220. [18] Fox, S & Spector, P. E. (1999).A model of work frustration-aggression. Journal of organizational behaviour.20, 915 – 913. [19] Gerber, J.& Wheeler, L. (2009).On being rejected: A meta-analysis of experimental research on rejection. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4, 468-488. [20] Gervasini, K (2013) Workplace tardiness affects staff morale and business operations. Available at: www.jkentstaffing.com. Retrieved June 10, 2014 by 12:52pm [21] Giacolone, R & Greenberg, J. (1997).Antisocial behaviour in organizations. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage [22] Gordon, W. (2010). Climbing high. Available at: doi:10.1111/j.1744 6570.2006.00048.x [23] Griffin, R. W. & O’Leary-Kelly, A. M. (2004).The dark side of organizational behaviour. Wiley: New York [24] Hams, L. C. & Ogbonna, E. (2006). Employee sabotage: A study of antecedents and consequences. Academy of Marketing Science Journal. 34 (4), 543 – 599. [25] Hanebuth, D. (2008). Background of absenteeism” in K. Heinitz (ed.) psychology in organizations: issues in an applied area. Peter Lang: Frankfurt. P. 115 – 134 [26] Hollinger, R & Clark, J (1982).Employee Deviance: A response to perceived quality of the work experience. Work and occupations, 9 (1), 97 – 114. [27] Jones, D. A. (2009). Getting even with one's supervisor and one's organization: relationships among types of injustice, desires for revenge, and counterproductive work behaviors. Journal of Organizational Behaviour, 30, 525-542. [28] Judge, T. A. & Scott, B. A. (1995). Hostility, job attitudes & workplace deviance: test of a multi-level model. Available atwp_judge_mooddeviance_JAPFIN. Retrieved Nov. 26, 2013, 11.10am [29] Kalejaiye, P. O & Adeyemi, B. F. (2013). Job tenure, job status and employees’ attitude to work: a study of selected non-academic staff of Olabisi Onabanjo University, Nigeria. Journal of Business Management and Administration, 1 (2), 22–27, July, 2013. [30] Kidwell, R. E. & Martin, C. L. (2004).The prevalence and ambiguity of deviant behaviour at work. Available 4904_kidwell_chapter_1_pdf. Retrieved Nov. 26, 2013, 10.50 a.m [31] Lawrence, T. B. & Robinson, S. L. (2007). Ain’t misbehaving workplace deviance an organizational resistance. Journal of Management. 23 (3), 378 – 394. [32] Martinko, M.J., Gundlach, M.J., and Douglas, S.C. (2002). Toward an integrative theory of counterproductive workplace behavior: A causal reasoning perspective. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 10(1/2), 36-50. [33] Maufi, J. (2011). Causes & consequences of deviant workplace behaviour. International Journal of Innovation, Management and Technology, 2 (2), 123 – 126. [34] Mayer, Thau, Workman, Djike & Creme (2011). Leadership mistreatment, employee hostility and deviant behaviours: integrating self-uncertainty & thwarted needs perspectives on deviance. Journal of Organizational & Human Decision Process. Available www.elsevier.com/locate/obhdp retrieved Nov. 26, 2013, 10.00 a.m. [35] Mazni, A. & Roziah, M. R. (2011).Towards developing a theoretical model on the determinants of workplace deviance among support personnel in the Malaysian public service organizations. http://www.goggle.co.zwtthl.enfslicent=psy-abl retrieved on Nov. 26, 2013 by 10.15 am [36] Moti, U. G. (2010). Employee Misbehaviour and management among academic and non academic staff of the University of Abuja, Nigeria available at: www.academia.edu/.../Employee_misbehaviour_and_management, retrieved July 10, 2014, 1pm [37] Nita, M. M. (2010). The impact of perceived favouritism on affective organizational commitment, intrinsic motivation and self-reported job performance: A survey among Romanian employees. Available at http://www.picsitech.com/march- 2010/148- how-to-and-workplace-favoritism-html [38] Onuoha, J. I. & Ezeribe, S. N. (2011). Managerial attitudes and workplace deviance: A psycho-sociological perspective. ABSU Journal of Arts, Management, Education, Law and Social Sciences. 1(1), 149 – 161. [39] Owolabi, A. B. & Babalola, S. S. (2005). Effect of perceived inequality and perceived job insecurity on fraudulent intent of bank employees in Nigeria. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 7(1), 99 – 111. [40] Patrick, M. (2013).How to deal with absence in the workplace. Workplace. Available http://www.s.chromo.com/deal-absence-workplace-21477.html.retrieved November 3, 2013, 5.02p.m. [41] Personal Finance (2013).The causes and costs of absenteeism in the workplace. http://www.forbes.com/suites/investopedia/2013/07/10/thecauses-costs-of-absence-in- the-workplace/ retrieved August 6, 2014, 11.55am [42] Ramachander, A. (2013). Dealing with favouritism in the workplace. http://www.dealing- favoritism-workplace.html. Retrieved Oct. 24, 2013, 1.21pm [43] Robbinson, S. P. & Judge, T. A. (2007).Organizational behaviour.12th edition. New Jersey: Upper Saddle River. Pearson Educational Inc. [44] Robinson, S & Bennett, R (1995). A typology of deviant workplace behaviours: A multidimensional scaling study. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 555 – 572. [45] Robinson, S & Greenberg, J (1999).Employees behaving badly: dimensions, determinants & dilemma’s in the study of workplace deviance. New York: Wiley, Vol. 5, 1 – 23 [46] Saez, A. (2014). The effect of absenteeism and tardiness on work. Demand media. Available http://www.yourbusiness.ascentral.com/effect-absenteeism-tardiness-work- 4991retrieved August 6, 2014, 11.50am [47] Shamsudin, Subramania& Ibrahim (2011). HR Practices and Deviant Behavior at Work: An Exploratory Study. International Conference on Business and Economics Research IPEDR. Singapore: IACSIT Press. Vol.16 [48] Thomas, D. N. (2010).In Absenteeism (Ed.).available http://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absenteeism. [49] Vardi, Y &Weitz, E. (2004). Misbehaviour in organizations: theory, research & management. Retrieved at www.findarticle.com.