[01] Hans van Kessel, Independent Scholar, Rijswijk, Netherlands.

Nature surprises in the found symmetry of elementary particles. However, such symmetry is a strong indication that our models and units of measurement are overlapping, thereby blurring the fundamentals. One way to straighten that out is to fundamentally rework our systems of units of measurement, bottom up. Such effort is not new, and referred to as ‘normalization’. The only strongholds one thereby has are the universal natural constants, and mathematical procedures and constants such as ‘e’ and ‘π’, which also are universal. This manuscript starts with describing such a ‘normalization’ procedure of units of measurement, and it was named Crenel Physics (to avoid confusion). It quickly and smoothly results in the Crenel Physics counterparts of some key Planck units of measurement, and thereby shows its consistency with ‘main stream physics’. Subsequently it embeds Boltzmann’s equation S=k_B.In(w) into the model. Key thereby is that minimum detectable particles must have an entropy value of 2 bits or 3 bits. These elementary particles have been named ‘entropy atoms’. Entropy atoms lie at the basis of a third ‘content’ dimension, on top of ‘mass’ and ‘energy’. The implication thereof is overlap in currently recognized ‘universal natural constants’. This is expressed in the following found relationship: G=h/k_B×In(4) Thereby, Boltzmann’s constant k_B is to be expressed in the Energy/Temperature unit of measurement. In the S.I. system of units of measurement that would be J/K. The thus found gravitational constant G is 0.3% below its numerical value as found in literature. However, the here found value is only valid between 2-bit entropy atoms. At this point, the model still leaves open several options to find higher values of ‘G’ between more complex objects. Thereby the gravitational constant remains a universal natural constant, but the gravitational equation demands a correction term. The magnitude of that correction term still needs to be explored, albeit that the underlying conceptual mechanism has been identified. Because this manuscript is authentic, there are only few references. Most of these refer to earlier publications of the author.

Gravity, Elementary Particle, Orbiting, Entropy Atom, Boltzmann Gravity

[01] Stoney G. On The Physical Units of Nature, Phil. Mag. 11, 381–391, 1881 [02] Planck, Max. "Über irreversible Strahlungsvorgänge", (1899) [03] Van Kessel, Hans. The heaviest possible elementary particle, (July 2015), http://vixra.org/abs/1507.0182. Note: this publication has not been peer-reviewed. [04] Van Kessel, Hans. Boltzmann Gravity, (February 2014), http://vixra.org/abs/1307.0053. Note: this publication has not been peer-reviewed. [05] Van Kessel, Hans. Crenel Physics (August 2014), http://vixra.org/abs/1408.0142. Note: this publication has not been peer-reviewed.